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NEW YORK.
Questions of the Hour,
. . • 49 j
i Monographs,
News of the Churches,
• • • 53 1
Editorial Notes, . . .
No.
flDarcb, 1906.
3
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* ■
OLIVE TREES,
A Monthly Missionary JottmaL
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©jjficers of fhe OSoman’e
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A Monthly Journal devoted to Missionary Work in the Reformed Presby-
terian Church, U. S. A.
No. MARCH, 1906. 3.
QUESTIONS OF THE HOUR.
OUR TRUE MISSIONARY REJOICING.
REV. J. M. FOSTER, BOSTON.
Concluded from p. 29.
2. Because there are special tempta-
tions.
There is the temptation to negligence.
He is master of his time. The lawyer is
prodded by his client. The physician is
looked for by his patients. The merchant
is expected at his office. But who keeps
tab on the minister? Who knows whether
he uses his time methodically? Who
knows whether beaten oil is being pre-
pared for the light of the sanctuary?
There is the temptation to preach himself.
Flowers from the field of literature in-
stead of lilies from the garden of truth;
rhetoric instead of bloodearnestness, and
holding up the truths that please the peo-
ple instead of “preaching the preaching
that God commands/’ are besetting sins
too often indulged in. There is the temp-
tation to substitute professional for per-
sonal piety. A minister may determine
to read the Book for his own advantage.
But before going far a verse strikes him
as a good text for his people, and away he
goes in the preparation of a message for
them. “They made me the keeper of
others’ vineyards, but mine own vineyard
have I not kept.” It is possible to pro-
claim the truth and help others, while the
messenger is lost. Judas had miracle-
working power, as the other eleven, and he
proclaimed the Kingdom as they did. But
“he went to his own place.” Paul recog-
nized this danger. “I keep my body
under and bring it into subjection, lest
while I preach to others, I myself should
be a castaway.” The nine disciples at the
foot of the transfiguration mount failed
to cast out the evil spirit from the son
whose father brought him, because they
thought so much of the splendid power
they had that they lost sight of Christ as
the giver of the power. Their humiliating
failure impressively taught them that the
power was retained only by a living, active,
energetic faith in Christ as its source.
In Him alone they are to rejoice, and to
Him they must give all the glory. Mis-
sionaries are tempted to attempt to civ-
ilize before evangelizing savages. But it
will not do. Dr. A. J. Gordon, in his
“Holy Spirit in Missions,” tells us that
Hans Egede went as a pioneer missionary
to Greenland. He worked for years under
the mistaken theory that the heathen
must be prepared by a course of training
for receiving the gospel. As a result he
failed and left the field in bitter disap-
pointment. His successor, John Beck, on
the other hand, began by preaching the
simple message of Christ. “One seed of
scripture from his lips — the story of
the Saviour’s agony in the garden — fell
into the heart of a savage by the name of
Ivajarnak — into a heart all overgrown and
choked with the thorns of barbarism — and
50
Questions of the Hour.
immediately it germinated and brought
forth fruit. The stolid savage became a
disciple ; the disciple became an evangelist.
His dull heart kindled with astonishing
glow, while with flowing tears and resist-
less pathos he recited to his countrymen
the story of the cross.” William Duncan,
of Metlakahtla, Alaska, relates the follow-
ing : “One of the most embarrassing ques-
tions ever put to me by an Indian was
put when I first went among the Indians
at Fort Simpson : ‘What do you mean
by 1858 ?’ ‘It represents the number of
years that we have had the gospel of God
in the world.’ ‘Why did you not tell us of
this before? Why were not our forefath-
ers told this?’ I looked upon that as a
poser. ‘Have you got the word of God ?’ —
equivalent to saying, ‘Have you got a let-
ter from God?’ ‘Yes, I have God’s letter.’
‘I want to see it.’ I then got my Bible.
Remember this was my first introduction.
I wanted them to understand that I had
not brought a message from the white
man in England or anywhere else, but
from the King of kings, the God of
heaven. They wanted to see that. It was
rumored all over the camp that I had a
message from God. The man came into
the house, and I showed him the Bible.
He put his finger very cautiously upon it
and said, ‘Is that the Word?’ ‘Yes, it is.’
‘The Word from God?’ ‘Yes, it is.’ ‘Has
He sent it to us ?’ ‘He has, just as much as
He has to me.’ ‘Are you going to tell the
Indians that?’ ‘I am.’ He said, ‘Good;
that is very good.’ ”
3. Because their efficiency as mes-
sengers of the cross'depends upon their
partaking of the power of Christ’s death
and resurrection.
Paul is called the fusile apostle because
his soul was melted by the love of Christ
and poured into the mould of Christ’s
death and resurrection. “I am crucified
with Christ; nevertheless, I live; yet not
I, but Christ liveth in me, and the life I
now live in the flesh, I live by the faith
of the Son of God who loved me and gave
Himself for me.” He wrote to the Philip-
pians that the knowledge of Christ was
everything, and that this knowledge was
secured by the power of His resurrection
(for he did not know Christ after the
flesh, but first met Him in His resurrec-
tion body), and that the power of His
resurrection is known only by fellowship
in His sufferings and conformity to His
death. The believer is so identified with
Christ that His death and resurrection
become his. But Christ condemned sin
in the flesh. He lived a sinless life in the
wnrld. He met sin and conquered. He
flung back His enemy as a conqueror. The
believer gains this victory over sin by
faith in Him. He died for sin. The be-
liever dies to sin. Sin has no more power
over him than the world over a dead body.
Sin assails the believer in vain. But
Christ recognizes the believer’s sufferings
as His. Paul filled up in his body that
which was behind of the afflictions of
Christ. He carried about in his body the
dying of the Lord Jesus. And this con-
tinuous fellowship with Christ in His
sufferings made him such a missionary.
“Knowing therefore the terror of the Lord
we persuade men.”
Henry Martin, the rector of the Church
of England, went to India in 1805, as a
missionary. He said to the people : “Look
at me. The blood of Jesus Christ has
cleansed me, a great sinner, and it will
cleanse you.” The people believed. His
health failed after he had translated the
New Testament into the Bengale lan-
guage. He started home. Stopping in
Persia, he paused a year, translated the
New Testament and the Psalms into the
Persian language. Then renewing his
journey home, he died in the Pass of the
Caucasus in Asia Minor, through which
Questions of the Ilour.
51
the Apostle Paul passed in his second mis-
sionary tour. As he lay dying he said :
“See how death is made easy for a sin-
ner who believes. Death is robbed of its
sting in Christ Jesus/’ Think of the
monk in Erfurt convent. He is distressed.
He reads a Latin Bible chained to the
wall of the cell. He scourges himself. He
faints from weakness. An old monk,
Cajeton, comes to him. “The just shall
live by faith,” he says. “My sins, my
sins !” cries the sufferer. “Would you be
the semblance of a sinner and have the
semblance of a Saviour? You are a real
sinner and have a real Saviour. Trust
Him.” Luther believes and is saved. He
preaches to others, and they believe. He
publishes a commentary on Galatians.
Two hundred years later a few poor men
and women meet in London to pray and
read the Scriptures. It is a small room
in a back alley. An ‘Oxford collegian
meets with them. They read Luther’s
commentary on Galatians. “A strange
fear came into my heart,” said the stu-
dent, “as I listened to Luther’s exposition
of justification by faith.” Wesley was
converted and began his revival work.
The hearts of Whitefield and Edwards
are touched and New England is on fire.
A student in Yale College is seized by the
fire and the conservative faculty suspend
him. Brainard goes as a missionary to the
Indians. He keeps a diary of his work amid
the forests and snows of New England.
He returns to President Edwards’ home
and dies. Dr. Edwards published these
memoirs. A cobbler in England reads
them. And William Carey goes to India
as a missionary in 1793. What hath God
wrought? Many centuries ago the Chris-
tians of Moldavia were at war with the
Turks under Bajazet II. A bloody battle
was fought. The Christians were badly de-
feated. Their leader, Stephen, afterward
called the Great because he gained such a
signal victory over the Turks, led the Mol-
davian Christians back in retreat. Wlien
they came near their fortified city the
women closed the gates against them, and
his mother said to Stephen, “You shall
never enter this fortress unless you come
in as the conqueror of the Turks.” He
was stung and enraged. Pie rallied his
Christian soldiers and gathered an army
of 10,000 and met 100,000 Moslems on
the field, and gained a complete victory.
Perhaps some mother is speaking from the
walls of yonder heaven to-day, saying to
her son in the field : “ Y ou shall never
enter these pearly gates unless you come
in as the conqueror of sin and Satan, hav-
ing brought down their strongholds and
spoiled their principalities and powers.”
Harlan P. Beach closes his “Geography
of Missions,” by quoting a passage from
Dr. Dwight: “When Constantine, 1500
years ago, was marking out lines of for-
tifications for his new capital, some of
his courtiers, surprised at the greatness of
the space, asked ‘How far are you going to
carry the lines?’ ‘Until He stops who goes
before me,’ was the answer of the em-
peror. He deemed the city to belong to
Jesus Christ, a token of the triumph of
Jesus Christ over the heathen world.” An, I
to objectify this thought, Justinian, in
reconstructing the Cathedral of St. Sopliia,
brought to its precincts the finest marbles
and the most majestic columns from the
temples of Jupiter and Venus, of Diana
and Baal and Astarte, of Isis and Osiris,
from all the neighboring lands. The
traveler who visits this majestic fane, now
a Mohammedan mosque, may see in the
center of the half-dome of the apse what
to the careless eye is only a modern ara-
besque painted on a ground of gold. “A
careful scrutiny,” says Dr. Dwight, “will
discover underneath the arabesque of the
Moslems, and forming a richer and more
brilliant portion of the shining ground-
52
Questions of the Hour.
work, the outlines of a figure of heroic
size, with flowing robes, with arms out-
stretched and with a halo crowning the
head. The figure is a mosaic worked into
the substance of the wall as a leading fea-
ture in the ancient decoration of the
church. The Mohammedan conquerors,
instead of destroying the figure, merely
hid it from the eyes of their own people
by overlaying it with gold. That figure,
which could not be hid by the gold-leaf
which veils it, is the figure of Jesus
Christ.” This prophecy in marble and
mosaic and gold is to-daj r being fulfilled.
The veil is being taken away, and the
Christ made known to all nations.
“ITis large and great dominion shall from
sea to sea extend;
It from the river shall reach forth unto
earth’s utmost end.”
4. Because their capacity for receiving
the Kingdom and enjoying its privileges
depends upon this living fellowship with
Christ.
A blind man cannot enjoy a picture
gallery. A deaf man cannot enjoy a con-
cert. A man with no sense of smell or
taste cannot enjoy the fragrance of flow-
ers or the sweetness of honey. “The
natural man receiveth not the things of the
Spirit, neither can he know them, because
they are spiritually discerned ; but he that
is spiritual knoweth all things — yea, the
deep things of God.” It is a paradox. A
man must receive the Kingdom into his
own heart first. And then he is qualified
to enter upon the possession of the King-
dom. “Verily, I say unto you, whosoever
shall not receive the Kingdom of God as a
little child, he shall not enter therein.”
This is power. “When I am weak, then
am I strong.” This is true evangel re-
joicing.
We frequently hear estimates made of the'cost of conversions in various fields. Such
comparisons may be helpful in some ways, but they also suggest a mercenary standard,
which is not in keeping with the meaning of our Saviour’s cross. The spirit of missions
is the spirit of sacrifice ; that is, of the Christ. The true missionaries have not counted
their lives dear unto themselves. They liave relived the eleventh chapter of Hebrews
in their lives of faith and service. The followers of Jesus Christ are to make the best
possible use of life’s energies, but are not to be disobedient; are to be prudent, but not
to be behind those who spend millions of dollars and thousands of lives to build rail-
roads and open up markets for our Western trade. When we read of the Japanese
hurling themselves against impregnable fortresses and sacrificing lives by the thou-
sands in devotion to their country, are we to count the cost of obedience to Jesus Christ
in dollars and even in men? Should business men complain while millions of dollars
come to us annually as a commercial result of foreign missions ? Some are coming
to look upon gifts for missions as a money-making investment. America certainly
should not begrudge the thousands of dollars spent for evangelization; it is so little
compared with what we spend for ourselves or what we get in return, not to speak of
the immeasurable value of the men saved, of the races and nations renewed, and of
the Master honored . — Baptist Missionary Magazine.
During the Welsh revival a poor man cried out in prayer to be filled with the Spirit,
and concluded by saying, “We can’t hold much, Lord, but we can overflow lots.” That
is just what the world needs to-day. -i, • _■ — .
News of the Churches.
53
NEWS OF THE CHURCHES.
ABROAD.
Latakia, Syria. — In the monthly
statement of this Mission to the Board,
dated Jan. 17, Miss Edgar sends interest-
ing items :
We have just closed the week of prayer,
during which the meetings were well at-
tended, and marked by a good degree of
interest. This morning begins prepara-
tory services before Communion next
Sabbath. There has been a better at-
tendance of day pupils among the boys
this winter than for several years, forty-
five being the average. Several of the
pupils in the boarding school are asking
to be allowed to make a confession of their
faith at the Communion. One of them is
the youngest son of Khalil Bahai ji, a Fel-
lah in Bahamra, who has always been one
of the strongest opposers of the work there.
His death about two weeks ago may make
matters easier for our people there.
Antonius Asaad, who has taken up the
work of Licentiate Saleem Saleh, was at
Gunaimia last Sabbath. As the weather
has been much drier than usual, he has
been able to go out nearly every week.
A letter from Miss Cunningham this
morning reports her well and encouraged
in the work at Suadia. The Sabbath ser-
vices there have been specially well at-
tended.
Our circle are all in good health.
Mersina, Asia Minor. — Bev. C. A.
Dodds, in a letter dated J an. 5, tells of his
entrance upon work in this field :
My coming to Mersina seems to have
been the cause of a good bit of trouble, for
people are puzzled to know just how to
name my brother and me, so as to dis-
tinguish clearly between us. Not being
used to our custom of designating people
by prefixing initials to the family name,
they know each one of us only as Mr.
Dodds. Some try to make a distinction,
rather unsuccessfully, as it seems to me,
by calling Ii. J. “our” Mr. Dodds, and
me “the Suadia Mr. Dodds.” Another
scheme is to designate him as the (from
of) “old preacher,” and me as the “new
preacher.” Others still designate my
brother as the “big” (or old) preacher
and me as the “little” (or young) preacher
(the adjectives “little” and “big” in the
Arabic, when predicated of persons, usu-
ally mean “young” and “old”). This
would do very well, excepting that so
many set me down as older than B. J.
I hope that they may succeed in finding
some satisfactory solution of the difficulty.
Thus far no great harm has resulted.
Since coming here I have spent most of
the time in Mersina (it is now a little
over two months since we landed here),
for it took a good while — with all the in-
tervening duties — to get our house set in
order. However, a week or two ago, B. J.
took me with him to Tarsus and Adana
and introduced me to the brethren in those
places. We were in Tarsus for the
Wednesday evening prayer meeting, at
which perhaps about forty or forty-five
persons assembled. Thursday we visited
our people in their homes, if it be right to
call the poor hovels in which most of them
live, homes. But even a hovel, if the
grace of the Lord Jesus Christ abounds in
it, may contain a home. In most of the
houses the women were busy working with
cotton, which seems to be the chief staple
of the Tarsus neighborhood. Wherever
we sat down, we gathered a supply of it
54
News of the Churches.
on our coats. During oux stay in Tarsus
we were hospitably entertained at the
home of Dr. Christie, president of St.
Paul’s Institute.
On Friday we went on to Adana, where
we made our headquarters with Mr. and
Airs. Chambers, of the American Board.
That evening we had a meeting at the
teacher’s house, which was fairly well at-
tended. Saturday morning we walked out
to the Oba, took dinner with a Fellah
Sheikh, who seemed greatly pleased to
hear the Bible read and expounded. After
several hours spent with him, we went on
to visit Suleiman and Zahara, who live
about quarter of an hour further away
from Adana. We were pretty tired by the
time we got back to Adana, but after sup-
per we sallied forth to a meeting that had
been arranged for at the home of an
Adana friend. At this meeting there were
three Sheikhs present, with whom my
brother and the teacher had quite a lively
discussion. As usual they maintained that
God had given four books, the Bible, the
Psalms, the Gospel and the Koran. As
proof that the Koran agrees with the
others, they cited the fact that it testifies
to Christ. My brother replied that the
devils also testified to Christ, liut He did
not want their testimony, rebuking them
rather for offering it.
On Sabbath morning and afternoon we
had meetings at the house of the teacher.
A good many of those in attendance speak
Kurdish, and the teacher addressed them
in that language. In the evening we had
a well attended meeting at the house of
another of the brethren.
The Adana brethren are few in number,
but seem to be very zealous, and there
seems to be a spirit of inquiry among a
number.
#
A letter from Bev. R. J. Dodds, dated
Jan. 20, brings interesting news:
We are having a pleasant winter, though
colder than usual. The oranges have all
been spoiled, and some other things in the
gardens. It has been hard on the poor,
as many have insufficient protection
against the cold.
All who come from Suadia agree in say-
ing that the transfer of my brother from
that field will be a great loss. When they
mourned to him that his leaving would
entirely break up the work there, he
told them that the best testimony they
could bear to the good effect of his work
among them would be to continue to
gather together for the worship of God
when he left and to live as he had tried
to teach them to live.
The work in Adana is going on well,
and Hanna Basmah is greatly pleased.
He is holding meetings every night by
invitations from house to house, at which
many gather to hear the word of God.
In Tarsus the meetings are held in the
rented house, are largely attended and full
of interest. On Sabbath there are two
meetings for the exposition of the Scrip-
tures, besides a class for children, which
is conducted by Abraham Garabet. There
is a prayer meeting every Wednesday even-
ing. Attendance at the Sabbath morning
service is from seventy to eighty. In the
afternoon it is smaller. Machail Luttoof
is in charge. He is at present following
the Shorter Catechism in his discourses,
making each answer in turn the basis of
his remarks. I recommended this plan to
him, so that the people would be surer to
have a systematic presentation of the doc-
trines of our religion. He and his wife
are doing a good work visiting the people
in their homes wherever they are received.
In Mersina the work is in some respects
satisfactory. Meetings are fairly well at-
tended, though not crowded. We have
held a number of evangelistic services in
various houses, at which there has been a
News of Vve ‘Churches.
55
good attendance. One night a sleeping
child in a bed in the room where we were
holding service began to wake, and a
woman in charge of it took my Testament
in her hands and passed it several times
over the child’s head as a charm to quiet
it. They have great regard of a super-
stitious character for the Scriptures.
The school work is on the whole encour-
aging. We do not see all the results we
wish ; but the children are taught the
word of God. All the teachers seem to be
working together in harmony, and this is
true of the brethren in the church, so far
as I can determine.
The Sabbath school is almost entirely
made up of pupils of the school, and one
of our teachers is at present the superin-
tendent. I sometimes think that if there
were more effort and more tact on the part
of the natives the Sabbath school might be
enlarged. But our location in town is not
favorable for a Sabbath school, we being
off on one side, and our nearest neighbors
of the most bigoted sects.
Many are asking about Dr. Dray. Miss
Evangeline Metheny visited us during her
vacation. She is very happy in her work
in Alexandretta, and reports it as pros-
perous.
Cyprus. — The following letter, dated
•Jan. 30, is from Dr. Calvin McCarroll:
Last week w r e observed the week of
prayer, which was attended by the mem-
bers, with evident interest. There were
no outsiders present, except on two nights,
when it was held in the homes of mem-
bers. There were a few others, one of
them being a brother of a member whose
father would not permit him to attend
meeting in the church.
The attendance at the clinics is now
quite satisfactory. We have free clinic
every Tuesday and Friday, when we have
from thirty to fifty each day. The number
of treatments now amount to over 2,100.
Some of the patients seem to be inter-
ested in what we have to say about the
spiritual life. Others say to them that we
are Protestants, and their reply is that we
are nevertheless Christians, for we act and
live as Christians. One man, every time
he comes, asks for literature, and especial-
ly The Star of the East, a religious paper
edited by Dr. Kolopathakis in Athens.
Thus the seed is sown in various ways, and
we know not which shall prosper, but trust
that some will fall on good ground and
bear fruit unto everlasting life.
Since last writing I have made three
trips to Kyrenia — once with my brother
when we expected to have services in the
hospital, but found that the Commissioner
of Kyrenia had forbidden the holding of
public meetings in the hospital, so we were
compelled to go to a room in a hotel. The
Commissioner of Kyrenia is a Boman
Catholic and has no love for Protestants.
However, the patients in the hospital there
come under good influence, as the district
medical officer. Dr. Fuleihan, an Arab, is
a Presbyterian from Beirut, and the
nurses who started the hospital as mission
work about twelve years ago, are devoted
Christians and have prayers with the
patients.
Kyrenia is sixteen miles from Nicosia,
and lies on the north coast, back of the
Kyrenia Mountains. As we descended the
other side of the hills, we were able to see
the Taurus Mountains in Asia Minor,
with their long line of snow-capped sum-
mits. These mountains are a few thou-
sand feet higher than any in Cyprus, and
this is supposed to be one reason for the
scarcity of rain here in the summer. This
winter is reported to be the coldest in
Cyprus for several years. There has been
snow in the hills for the past month, and
we have frost occasional^ here in Nicosia.
We are getting on slowly with the lan-
56
News of the Churches.
guage. Americans do not seem to be as
good linguists as the Orientals, who hear
three or four languages from the time of
their birth.
Our patients are about evenly divided
between Greeks and Turks, with a few
Armenians. So I am devoting a portion
of my time to learning Turkish as it is
spoken, not written.
Our health is good at present, and our
brother reports they are about as usual.
Tak Hing, China.— A personal letter
from Rev. J. Iv. Robb, dated Dec. 26,
1905, contains an item or two that may be
passed on to the churches : .
It is always an encouragement to us to
get letters from people who are not only
our friends, but who are also friends of
our work, and who are as much interested
in it as we are. A missionary’s life is not
all excitement. In fact there is much in
it that makes it rather humdrum at times,
or would make it so, were, not the motive
kept in view. The captain of one of the
steamers on the river remarked to me one
day that he was sure, if he had to live
here all the time, he should die of ennui,
which is probably true. At times we have
our feeling of loneliness and isolation;
but the feeling soon passes off because of
the presence of so much to take our
thoughts away from ourselves.
A movement inaugurated by our native
converts to start a school has served to
awaken new interest in our work. The
latest phase of this movement is the buy-
ing of a piece of ground as a site for the
school. Suitable places were not plenty,
and when one was found, the rent was not
reasonable. So the committee in charge
of this matter concluded that it would be
cheaper in the end to turn their subscrip-
tions in toward buying a piece of land,
and thus save rents in the future. The lo-
cation is good, though the building will
need some repairs before it can be occu-
pied.
We had our first service in the chapel
last Sabbath. The day was wet, the rain
pouring down in torrents at the hour of
service. But we had a very fair audience,
a good number of people present who are
not Christians. We will have* communion
the first Sabbath of the New Year, and
expect to have a number of new members
to report to the Church at home. The
school progresses nicely. Mrs. Wright is
fortunate in having a very capable
Chinese woman to do all the teaching
and relieve her in many other ways.
The recent trouble at Lin Chau and the
general feeling of unrest in China, have
prevented us from doing anything toward
opening a new station. We hope to get
something done soon. We are not the
only ones who are crippled on account of
these disturbances. I suppose we are not
feeling the restrictions nearly so much as
some others. Missions with stations far
inland have recalled the workers from
those places, so that at some points the
work is stopped altogether. What these
outbreaks portend no one can tell. Many
foreigners do not hesitate to say that the
missionaries are responsible for all of
China’s troubles of recent years. Others
lay the blame on the attitude of our coun-
try toward the Chinese. But these are
troubles that cannot be traced to any
source, and the whole movement of unrest
seems to me to be the beginning of a new
era for China. There is much yet to be
done, but it is coming to the light.
4
Rev. Julius A. Kempf, writing Dec. 30,
1905, gives items of interest:
On the first of this month Che Sin
Shang, one of our members, quietly passed
awa} r . This is the first death among our
native converts.
Che Sin Shang was baptized three
News of the Churches.
57
years ago. He was a young man, of a
very meek and quiet disposition; the most
inoffensive Chinaman I have ever met. To
know him one would think that the least
opposition would force him to compromise
or deny his faith. But as far as we know
lie remained steadfast to the end. His life
ho re witness to the converting power of the
gospel and the sustaining power of divine
grace.
With the consent of his parents he was
given a Christian burial. This was a
strange ceremony to the Chinese, and it
gave an occasion for spreading the most
absurd reports. The story is now circu-
lating in town that we took out his eyes,
disemboweled him and did some other
nonsensical things to him. It is strange
how easily this people will believe a lie,
and how hard it is for them to believe the
simple truth.
For the last two weeks the people of
Tak King have been lighting the dreaded
“plague,” and their methods of warfare
are indicative of their dense ignorance and
deep heathenism. Instead of cleaning up
their streets and houses, they are parading
their idols through the streets, beating
gongs and shooting off firecrackers. They
believe that a certain plague god or devil
is among them, and that by parading the
other gods through the city where they
can see the ruin and sorrow caused by the
plague, they will be induced to drive out
this plague devil. If is just as one of our
Christians said, “They are trying to make
devils drive out devils.”
Our booksellers have just come in, and
they bring rather discouraging reports.
They say it is very hard to sell books; the
people scold them when they speak about
the Doctrine, and say very bad things
about the Christians.
There seems to be a general feeling of
unrest, and the feeling is anti-foreign and
anti-Christian. So far our work at Tak
Hing has not been interfered with by the
present Conditions; but our plans for
opening work at Inn Tan have suffered
a delay. Mr. A. I. Robb intended to go to
Lin Tan this winter to make arrangements
for permanent work, but when we heard of
the affair at Lin Chau and that the United
States Consul had advised the missions at
Wu Chau, fifty miles west of us, to call in
all the missionaries to the central station,
it was thought best to postpone the visit
to Lin Tan.
Cheering news is found in a letter from
Dr. J. M. Wright, under date of Jan. 8:
Yesterday was our communion Sabbath.
Services were conducted Friday, Saturday
and Sabbath by Revs. A. I. and J. K.
Robb. Tt was a season of more than usual
interest. There were thirteen applicants,
three of whom were accepted. These three
are all “Read Book” men, and have had to
withstand opposition from family and
friends. It was a beautiful and an im-
posing sight to see them come out in the
face of such strong prejudices and hin-
drances.
One lives in Tak Hing, and the opposi-
tion and fear of his family and friends
had kept him from being baptized at the
previous communion. The other two live
a day’s journey north. One of these has
had to endure a great deal of scoffing from
his fellow villagers. But he takes it all
patiently, and tells them that now he is
“just a silkworm, and by and by he will
be a butterfly, and then they would not
make fun of him.” The other man is a
Chinese doctor. These three are the “first
fruits” gathered from the upper and
higher class of the Chinese. To be a
“Read Book” man means influence and
respect. The weather was fine and the
attendance good. The new chapel is a
comfort, and all rejoice in it.
Since last communion, one of our mem-
58
News of the Churches.
bers, the first man Mr. Eobb baptized here,
has been called up higher. He had suf-
fered from tuberculosis for some months.
About an hour before his death Mr. Eobb
asked him if he was happy and ready to
go. His answer was that he was happy
and ready to go. This was good witness
to those around him, as a heathen Chinese
death is void of all happiness.
There is a general anti-foreign feeling
in China now, and it reaches to all for-
eigners, but probably is strongest against
Americans. So far the services have been
as well attended as usual, but dispensary
work has not been so heavy, only the worst
cases coming. It is worse in the coast
cities, the churches and schools and hos-
pitals feeling the effects of the boycott in
some cases very much.
Word has just come of a village a day’s
journey north which is very favorable to
Christianity and desiring to be taught.
Just as soon as Mr. Eobb can get away he
intends to make them a visit. This case
is remarkable, as most of the places remote
from stations' are very hostile to foreign-
ers.
It was Mr. Eobb’s intention to open
work in Lin Tan, but anti-foreign feeling
is too strong at present, and no houses can
be rented there. The members of the
Chung Village are meeting with a great
deal of ridicule from their neighbors on
account of being Christians and being con-
nected with foreigners. In a great many
places the officials have been tearing down
temples and turning them into schools.
These officials have received enough of the
“Western idea” to have lost faith in idols.
They tear down temples and destroy idols,
but do not offer anything instead of them
for the people to worship. The people are
very much displeased over losing their
temples and gods, and of course blame the
foreigners.
The girls’ school closed to-day for holi-
days. Two of the girls applied for bap-
tism, but were advised to wait. They have
committed to memory the Lord’s Prayer,
the Ten Commandments, Twenty-third
Psalm and numerous portions of Psalms
and Scripture verses, besides learning to
read and write. Sewing and knitting take
part of their time.
Drs. McBurnev are busy at dispensary
work, with studies and in teaching. The
work on the hospital is progressing, but
like all building in China, slowly. It will
probably be a year before it is completed.
I neglected to say that there were three
Chinese children baptized at this com-
munion. Mr. Kempf is faithfully dig-
ging out the mysteries of Chinese charac-
ters. All are in good health, and send best
wishes. A few minutes ago a man came
to the dispensary and said that if I’d cure
him he would join the Church. They fre-
quently make such statements. It gives an
opportunity to talk about the gospel, and
usually ends with them promising to come
to the meetings and to read a gospel which
I always give them. Do they keep their
promises? They usually attend meetings
while under treatment; some have been
converted, and others want the loaves and
fishes only. But we are to sow beside all
waters.
A personal letter from Mrs. Wright,
dated Jan. 13, contains items about the
school :
There are just six little girls and two
young women, but we expect more when
school opens again. Mr. Nelson from
Canton was here a few days ago, and,
speaking about school work, he said : “If
the Church gets one teacher out of every
ten girls educated, it is good. One out of
every five is exceptionally good. But
those who do not become teachers go back
to their homes and carry the gospel to
their own village people. No doubt a
News of the Churches.
59
school makes it possible for many to learn
the gospel who would otherwise never hear
of it.” This is from one who has been
for years in China, and who knows what
it is to have schools and what it is to be
without them.
The people are very much interested in
the school work. We invited our teachers
to hear the girls recite and sing, and they
were very much pleased and surprised. I
have a very line little teacher. She is a
good Christian woman, and makes it plain
to all who come to learn aboht the working
of the school that it is the gospel that is
taught chiefly, and that the object of the
school is to make Christians. The girls
have little readers that teach them good
behavior, and they write and sing and have
physical drill. Dr. Kate McBurney is
giving one evening in the week to teach
them knitting, and they are busy with
garden and flowers in play time. They
take turns helping 'the cook with her work.
We hope to make them useful Christian
women who shall have a good influence on
the coming generation in China.
AT HOME.
Allegheny, Pa. — The following items are from Central Board :
Financial
On hand
Jan. 1, ’06
Chinese Mission $391.43
Southern Mission 1,462.85
Indian Mission 2,406.65
Sustentation Fund.... 282.92
Deficit
Domestic Mission 2,404.56
Southern Mission . — The enrollment in
tin Selma School has thus far been 450,
at Pleasant Grove 123, at East Selma 48,
and at Valley Camp 44 — total 665, the
largest for many years. The sum collect-
ed in January at the Selma School w r as
$175.29; in all $192.00. This is quite
an increase over that collected in pre-
vious years during the same time.
The third floor of the school building
lias been comfortably fitted up for a school
room. Since the beginning of the year
Miss Augusta Buck has had charge of
a number of the scholars in grades one
and two.
Chinese Mission . — From January 8 to
February 11 the enrollment was 15 ;
average attendance at the night school
3 2-3, at the prayer meeting 8, on the
Statement.
On hand
Receipts
Expenditures
Feb. 1, ’06
$99.27
$108.33
$382.37
478.06
558.33
1,382.58
514.01
591.63
2,329.03
60.25
343.17
Deficit
1,198.52
2, <03.40
3,909.44
Sabbath 9 1-5; ot whites at the prayer
meeting the average attendance was 1 2-5
and on Sabbath 7 2-5.
Indian Mission .— ^There has been con-
siderable sickness of late. One Indian
boy, age about 17, a member of the church,
has died. He gave very comforting
evidence of preparation for death.
Mr. James Arthur of Pittsburgh Con-
gregation is visiting the Mission and will
remain for a short time, helping in the
work.
J. W. Sproull.
Linton, la — The Sharon Young Peo-
ple’s Societjr desire to express a last tribute
of love and respect to the memory of
Ernest Allen :
Whereas, It has seemed good in the
60
News of the Churches.
Heavenly Father’s sight to remove from
our midst in the strength of his youth one
so zealous in his preparation for a life of
usefulness. Therefore
Resolved , 1. That we hereby express our
deep sense of loss in his removal ;
2. That we recognize that God has a
right to take His own, and we bow in
submission to His will.
3. That we would profit by the example
he has left us of a Christian life and
death, and heed God’s voice as He speaks
to us in this Providence; and
4. That we extend our sincere sympathy
to the bereaved family who have been
bereft of two of its members in so short a
time, and commend them to the Heavenly
Father, who says, “I will never leave thee
nor forsake thee.”
Olathe, Kans. — The Treasurer’s re-
port of the J. H. Wylie Mission Band,
Olathe, Ivans., for the year 1905 :
Collections $13.55
Donations 6.52
Birthday offerings 1-43
For quilt 3.50
Total $25.00
Wylie Redpath, Treas.
Utica, 0. — The L. M. Society of the
Utica Congregation report for 1905 a mem-
bership of thirty-five, and eleven meetings
during the year. The Society is now sup-
porting two pupils in China at twenty
dollars each. A barrel of clothing was
sent to the Southern Mission.
The Society gave a reception to our
pastor and his wife, Rev. and Mrs. Blair,
and also a present of money. During the
past year our Society met with a great
loss in the death of Miss Lide Dunlap,
one of our most active and faithful mem-
bers, but our loss was her unspeakable
gain.
Mrs. W. W. Reynolds,
President.
Miss Jeannette Watson,
Secretary.
Treasurer’s Report.
Receipts.
Balance $2.00
Yearly dues 33.00
Monthly collections 14.36
Donations 98.45
$147.81
Expenditures.
Mission in China $75.95
Southern Mission 26.38
Foreign Mission 35.00
Flowers 1-68
$139.01
Amount in treasury 8.80
$147.81
#4#
Ten years ago Amos, a native evangelist of- the Wesleyan Missionary Society, stopped
for the night by the well of the out-castes in Medak,.Haidarabad, India. Even the out-
castes felt outraged by his presence, and while he was eating his supper they seized
him by the ears and kicked him and his supper out of the place. This year the chief
who led this assault, entertained the same evangelist Amos in his house, and was
baptized, with all twenty-six of the heads of families under him a strong, intelligent
group of eager men. What force captured this outpost of Medak?
###
The total membership of the Moravian Church is 41,000 at home; heathen converts,
101,000. Last year they raised $300,000 for foreign missions. One in every 6* of
iheir communicants is a foreign missionary.
Monographs.
61
MONOGRAPHS.
A FRIEND OF OUR MISSIONS AT
REST.
Friday afternoon, Jan. 12, 1906, there
passed away from earth a Christian
woman who might have posed for the
Scripture portrait of one whose price is
far above rubies. Born June 20, 1833, at
Letterkcnnv, Ireland, where, as a child,
she held the heart of the community by a
singularly attractive personality, Matilda
Torrens came to the United States in
1848, and on February of the following
year, she became identified with the Sec-
ond Reformed Presbyterian Congregation
of New York, of which she was a conse-
crated member for fifty-five years. Gov-
erned by g piety of the cast that is not
afraid to smile, and a lover of pleasant
society, she soon won a host of friends.
And as the result of congenial fellowship
and a conscientious observance of religious
privileges, she developed into a noble
womanhood .
On Oct. 26, 1857, she was married to the
late Elder Andrew Alexander, whom she
bad met a short time before under some-
what rdinantic circumstances. As he was
a young man of kindred religious spirit
and of a similar social disposition, the
union was a most happy one. The love at
first sight on a certain fateful New Year’s
Day never lost its glow, but rather grew
in intensity till the separation came at the
end of nearly forty-seven years. Nor
could anything be more touching than the
tender interest in one another that marked
the closing scenes of wedded life. Theirs
was a Christian home, where husband and
wife were together heirs of the grace of
life, and the children were trained for the
lx>rd, where the ministers of the church
were always welcome guests, and the one
aim of the family relationship seemed to
be the glory of God.
Mrs. Alexander shared with her husband
in his views as to the stewardship of prop-
erty, and their contributions to religious
and benevolent enterprises were very large
even when they were only in moderate
circumstances. Fidelity to a sacred trust
was a ruling force in all their givings;
and when the reward came in the shape of
enlarged material prosperity, there was
more than a proportionate increase in the
offerings for religion? and charitable pur-
poses. Wealth, so apt to imperil the spir-
itual interests of men, did not do them
any harm. They still loved the House of
the Lord. Their old friends in the lowlier
walks of life were their dear friends still
because of common kinship to Jesus
Christ.
It would be distasteful to the family to
62
M ono graphs.
enumerate instances of Mrs. Alexander’s
liberality, but the writer may be pardoned
for reminding the Church that the
memorial chapel at Larnaca, Cyprus, was
her gift toward the evangelization of that
island. And only a few weeks before pass-
ing away, she was credited with a large
donation toward the fund to open a new
station in China. Her hands were always
stretched out for the relief of the destitute
and in her tongue was the law of kindness.
Wherever the cause of missions seemed to
require assistance, her heart opened her
purse. An intimate acquaintance of more
than thirty years compels the testimony
that the Saviour was the supreme passion
of her life.
For months before her husband’s death
Mrs. Alexander was in feeble health.
From that time her bodily strength grad-
ually declined, until the Lord came to re-
ceive her unto Himself. His goodness and
mercy had followed her all the days of her
life, and now she has entered into His joy.
MRS. JOHN G. PATON.
— The death of Mrs. John G. Paton,
which took place Tuesday, May 16, 1905,
M r as chronicled at the time in Olive Trees.
As many of our readers had the pleasure
of meeting Mrs. Paton and daughter on
the occasion of a brief visit to America
in the autumn of 1892, and as all of them
are familiar with the missionary work of
her distinguished husband in the New
Hebrides, they will be glad to read this
memorial sketch, which we clip from The
Messenger of the Presbyterian churches of
Victoria and Tasmania, Australia. —
Mrs. Paton was the youngest daughter
of Mr. John Whitecross, of Kennet, Scot-
land, a man of earnest Christian character.
In the bright little memoir which she
wrote of her sister, “Helen Lyall,” we
get glimpses of the early home — happy
and holy in all abiding influences, mould-
ing the young lives to high and noble en-
deavor, preparing them to take their part
bravely in the battle of life.
Dr. and Mrs. Paton were married in
Edinburgh in 1864, and arrived in Aus-
tralia in January, 1865, to enter upon
their work in the New Hebrides on the
island of Aniwa. Missionary work in
those pioneering days was very different
from what it is now, after an interval of
forty years.
Mrs. Paton was singularly fitted for the
honored position of a pioneer missionary’s
wife. She had undaunted courage and a
resolute will, combined with a brightness
of spirit and warmth of heart that faced
and conquered difficulties and dangers and
won the confidence and love of the poor
degraded heathen among whom she lived.
Her “Letters and Sketches from the New
Hebrides” — family letters not originally
written for publication — a book more fas-
cinating than any novel, is a wonderful
revelation of a beautiful character. The
humor and pathos, the high courage and
faith, the patient endurance in sorrow and
sickness, the strong affection, the earnest,
faithful work, the heart filled with com-
passionate love for perishing souls, set be-
fore us a truly noble and most lovable
Christian.
Her Christianity was very healthful in
its tone, neither morbid nor sentimental,
and eminently practical. She was in the
deepest sense of the word a helpmeet to
her husband. He has done a great and
grand work, but we may be forgiven for
saying, all the greater and grander be-
cause she was at his side.
Some years ago Mrs. Paton had to re-
tire from the islands, but she never ceased
to be a missionary. Her home was the
house of call for all our missionaries on
their goings to and fro, and new-comers
received from her a warm welcome and
encouragement. Her drawing room was
Monographs.
6S
always open for meetings for the further-
ance of any missionary cause, and she was
interested in all good work. Her life was
full of activity, and her home a center of
hospitality.
For some months Mrs. Paton’s health
had been decidedly failing, but it was only
some six weeks before her death that the
serious nature of her ailment was discov-
ered, and in answer to her own questions,
made known to her. In the silent and
lonely hours of the night that followed
she passed through her Gethsemane, and
was enabled, at last, to say “Thy will be
done,” leaving herself and her loved ones
absolutely in her Father’s hand, and her
heart was filled with a sweet glad peace
which was never broken to the end. No
thought of self entered into her mind — it
was all for others. She was so brave, so
bright and loving, so patient, the old spirit
of fun flashing out at times, just waiting
with calm trust and unclouded faith for
the call home.
And now she has passed within the
gates of heaven, and it seems so easy to
think of her entering into its joy. Her
Saviour has spoken the “Well done, good
and faithful servant,” and, among the
many greetings from those who have gone
before, are not a few from those whom she
led to Christ from her own Island of
Aniwa.
PSYCHOLOGY OF PRAYER.
Long ago I became interested in a phase
of prayer that greatly enlarged my esti-
mate of its power. It was first suggested
by Dr. John Tngersoll, our old family
physician in Wisconsin. He disbelieved
the Bible as a divine revelation, and was
almost as much an infidel as his noted
brother Robert G. Ingersoll. He was far
from being as dangerous, for he was a
quiet, unassuming man, and what was re-
markable he kept up a regular habit of
prayer until his death. While he denied
that prayer had any effect upon the mind
of God, yet he claimed that it had a pow-
erful influence to soothe and invigorate his
own mind and strengthen his faith. I
have just received a letter from a promi-
nent lawyer of Lincoln, Neb., who says
he is deeply interested in the mental or
psychological aspects of both faith and
prayer. He firmly believes in remarkable
answers to prayer, and claims to have
found in it great spiritual vitality, as well
as temporal aid. He says, “Prayer is fuel
for the spiritual dynamo — the soul. The
man who does not fire up his soul with this
fuel is losing the best part of life. No set
form of words, nor any certain time, nor
place, nor attitude is at all essential. By
intent concentration of mind and soul,
we can pray walking in the street, but
the best place is alone in the silence, in
our chamber, as suggested by the Christ.
Outside of the Christian Bible, which I
reverence and respect, prayer and its se-
quence can be accounted for according to
psychological law, and this is the plane
on which I have studied it mostly.”
The intensely practical question that
interests me is : 1 f prayer is such an en-
gine of power in the experience of these
men who deny that the Bible promises are
from God, and who ignore the Holy Spirit
and the mediation of Jesus, what multi-
plied power should we find in it who be-
lieve in these great essential factors in
prayer? Does it not suggest also that in
answering prayer the Spirit uses a great
law of mind, and that men may discover
and get great benefit from the use of these
laws without recognizing their author?
And the more we understand the working
of these laws, the more intelligently and
effectually will we pray. As when we
pray, “Give us this day our daily bread,”
it helps us to know that the -answer comes
along the line of our plowing and sowing
64
Monographs.
and reaping. In onr intercessory prayers
it should encourage us to know that the
Spirit works along the line of certain well
established laws of mind. We might draw
upon the experience of ourselves and
others to find illustrations of this law,
but it is best to take a few from the
Bible.
When the angel slummers visited Lot in
Sodom, why did he welcome them with
such extraordinary respect and hospital-
ity? Why did he press upon them
greatly to lodge with him, even pro-
posing to sacrifice his two daughters
for their protection? Surely there was
some mysterious force, call it mind-power
or what you will, that was working upon
the mind of this hard, sordid, selfish,
worldly man. If modern psychological
study proves, as I)r. W. P. Johnston has
recently declared in a sermon, that
thoughts, like the wireless message, go
from mind to mind without means, either
audible or visible, then may not this re-
markable change upon the mind of Lot
have been in response to that great earn-
est intercessory prayer of his Uncle
Abraham ?
A still better illustration is the remark-
able prayer of Abraham’s servant when
commissioned with the responsible trust of
procuring a wife for Isaac. In his prayer
he entreated the Lord to realize in his ex-
perience an imaginary picture of a beau-
tiful, affable, courteous, obliging girl com-
ing down to the well, and not only giving
him a drink, but his camels also. Was it
not the operation of the same mysterious
law of mind — the interchange of thought
force — that led the girl Rebekah, even
while he was yet praying, to come down
to the well and so wonderfully respond
to this prayer ? Certainly it was the Holy
Spirit who inspired the prayer, and also
the response; but can we not discover a
law of mind along which the Spirit works?
A still more striking illustration is the
desperate prayer of Jacob at the Fords of
Jabbok. His prayer was for the recon-
ciliation of his brother’ Esau, who for
twenty years had been brooding over a
great wrong, and nursing a spirit of re- ■
venge until it had taken entire possession
of him. At length the long-looked-for
day of vengeance came, and now he was
coming with four hundred armed men,
and Jacob and all his family seemed
doomed to utter destruction. But all at
once Esau’s vindictive feelings were re-
versed ; his weapons of war laid aside, and
he ran to meet Jacob and embraced him
and fell on his neck and wept and kissed
him. Yes, the present Jacob sent on be-
fore had something to do with it, but 0, it
was chiefly the impact upon Esau’s mind
and thought of that wonderful prayer of
Jacob as he wrestled with the Lord and
prevailed ! It was by this prayer that he
earned the title of Israel — a prince who
“had power with God and with men.”
One more striking illustration is that of
King Ahasuerus, the greatest monarch of
his time. During one memorable night
he could not sleep, but tossed restlessly
upon his bed. The anxiety upon his mind
that some great wrong was being perpe-
trated in his empire was so great, that he
had to rise at midnight and have his sec-
retary read to him from the government
records. There is no explanation of the
strange phenomena, if you leave out the
fact that, at that very time Queen Esther
and her maidens, and Mordecai and all the
Jews in Shushan, at the close of a three
days’ fast, were focalizing their prayers
upon the king, that his mind might be
changed, and that the cruel edict for the
massacre of the Jews would be reversed.
Might we not defy any person to sleep if
a similar current of earnest prayer by a
praying, fasting congregation were turned
upon him? How it intensifies the power
Monographs.
65
of prayer to the mind of the believer who
regards it as a bow in the hands of the
Spirit. Our desire is the bow, faith is the
string, the promise is the arrow, and the
Holy Spirit is the Almighty arm to draw
the bow and direct and send the arrow to
the mark. When we have the promise,
and strong desire, and faith in its fulfill-
ment, and we feel that we are in the hands
of the Spirit, then w r e may be sure of re-
sults: “Whatsoever ye desire when ye
pray, believe that ye receive them and ye
shall have them.’’
Wahoo, Neb. M. A. Gault.
THE NEW HEBRIDES MISSION.
— The readers of Olive Trees will be
glad to have this address of the late Mrs.
J. G. Paton, with a few closing sentences
by Dr. Paton. It was originally published
in The Messenger of the Presbyterian
churches of Victoria and Tasmania for
January, 1906, and is reproduced in these
columns because so full of interest to all
lovers of foreign missionary work. —
It is difficult, after half a lifetime’s ex-
perience in the mission field, to know just
what will be most interesting and profit-
able to recount. ‘Our New Hebrides
Islands do not present the great attrac-
tions as regards vastness and population
that India and China do, but geographic-
ally they lie nearest us in Australia, and
for difficulty and dangers they will vie
with any mission field, and should tempt
the bravest Christian spirits- to go and
give them the teaching and blessings of the
gospel. It would be splendid if all those
gems of the South Pacific could be won
for Christ. The few who have been
brought in show what the others may be-
come, for, in their natural state, our sav-
ages seem hardly human. We have often
wondered how r , amid such beautiful sur-
roundings, they could be so degraded.
The scenery of the New Hebrides is sur-
passingly beautiful; richly wooded hills,
with their brilliant tropical foliage and
greener}', down to the water’s edge, and
reflected back in all their shades of color
of lovely mountains in the background,
seen through sunlights and hazes, gor-
geous skies and seas of glass, showing
caverns and grottos of rocks, and coral of
every hue. There is a charm and softness
in the atmosphere that is felt only in the
tropics, yet all this does not raise or refine
those natives one iota. It is left for the
gospel to do that. The transformation
between a New Hebridean savage and
'a New Hebridean Christian, even in the
expression of his face, is well worth
laboring a lifetime to witness. I do not
for a moment mean to compare those con-
verts with Christians now who have been
reared from their cradles in the noontide
blaze of Christian light. That would be
unfair ; but, looking at them from the
pits out of which they have been dug, we
have a grander view of Christ’s trans-
forming power, and a keener joy than, I
think, is ever possible to feel in a Christian
land. Our converts have never sufficiently
advanced in Christian knowledge to be
able to fight over the “ologies” and “isms”
that occasionally occupy the attention of
some of our white lands. They don’t un-
derstand nor quite see the use of them,
their faith in our Lord Jesus being so
direct and simple, and their Christianity
taking a very practical turn. One of our
islanders who was for many years in Syd-
ney, acting as a missionary to his sable
brethren there, was met one day by a
friend of ours, who said, “Well, Sam,
where have you been to-day?” He re-
plied, “0, I have been to hear Mr. Hudson
Taylor. I go every time.” “And how do
you like Mr. Taylor?” “Oh, he grand fel-
low ! He talk simple, and I can follow
him ! No bothering logity about him !”
Sam meant bothering theology.
66
Monographs.
Some of those native workers have in-
spired me with fresh faith and courage
when 1 most needed both, just by their
example. 1 well remember the day we
landed on Aniwa, many years ago. I
Icncw I was the first white woman that
ever set foot on its shores, and I am afraid
I did not quite appreciate the privilege.
You would need to see the savages as I did
see them in a state of nature, unadorned,
except with horrid paint, grasping their
weapons of war, to understand the hor-
ror which overcame me as we left the boat,
our last link to civilization, to commit our-
selves to their tender mercies, and the wild
hope that they would not allow us to land,
and show fight while there was a chance
of us getting back to the “Dayspring”
Mission ship. Their attitude, however,
was entirely non-committal. They gazed
stolidly and attentively at us, with not a
ghost of a smile to encourage us. Just
then I felt my hand taken by another
hand, and a bright, pleasant voice said in
Aneityumese, “My love to you, Missi.” On
looking up, I saw a nicely dressed woman
in a clean print and broad-brimmed hat,
and I stood still in utter amazement to
see anything so civilized. Then it was as
if an angel from heaven had been sent to
comfort me, when Mr. Paton explained
that she was the wife of the Aneityum
teacher, whose existence I had entirely for-
gotten. I think I never clung to anyone
in my life as I did to that colored woman,
and I could walk along with a firmer tread
as I realized that she, too, had given up
home and kindred to live among and teach
the heathen of Jesus and His love and sal-
vation. I feel the conduct of those native
teachers and their wives is beyond all
praise, and they deserve even more sym-
pathy than we do, being the real pioneers
of civilization and of the gospel. It is as
great a sacrifice for them in some respects
as for us, yet they have not the same com-
pensations, they have not the sympathy
and backing, nor the resources within
themselves that we have. Like us, too,
they have to acquire and speak and teach
in a foreign tongue, for the diversity of
languages on our islands is such that
Bishop Pattieson declared, “the New
Hebrideans must originally have come
straight from the Tower of Babel !” It
seemed dreadful to hear them jabbering
all around, and not to know a word of
what they were saying about us.
Some of the women came forward and
returned salutations, examining me very
carefully, and curiously feeling themselves
at the same time, as if to ascertain if we
were alike. We became very good friends
at once, and remained so all the years
we were on the islands. The men I at
first cordially disliked — yes, detested —
they were so unbearably impudent, but
even they soon won their way to my heart
by their worship of our baby boy. Their
love of children is a beautiful trait in
their character, and drew us closely to-
gether very much sooner than we other-
wise would. After we were able to talk
to them a little, we found them much
more companionable, and we had far more
in common than we could have believed
possible. They have like emotions with
us, and are naturally a merry-hearted race,
and have a keen sense of the ludicrous,
often laughing so heartily that they roll
about on the ground through their sheer
inability to stand. They are very demon-
strative in their grief as well as in their
fun, and give vigorous expression to it in
their wailing over the dead. Of course, it
is by no means all sorrow on those occa-
sions, for they set about it as deliberately
as we would order mournings, and the
louder they howl the deeper the crape.
Besides, they are sure of a great feast at
the close of the burial to reward them
for their exertions. I was struck with the
Monographs.
67
cool way they set about it w r hen a sudden
death occurred on Aniwa one Sabbath.
At the close of the church services, the
women asked me not to have my usual
Bible class, as they wanted to go and wail.
I willingly consented, being glad of a rest
that hot afternoon, and was trying hard
to get my husband to follow r my example
and stay at home, when a dear old woman
came smiling into the room. I said, “Oh,
I am so sorry not to have had the Bible
class if any of you have been waiting for
it.” She replied, “They have all gone but
me, Missi. My throat is a little sore, and
I would not be of much use. You see, I
cannot yell very much with it!” They
have a wild, weird music of their own, as
they recount the good deeds of the de-
parted in a sort of chant. They are ex-
ceedingly fond of music, and often have
their favorite hymns picked out for us to
translate into their language, just by hear-
ing us sing them in English at family
worship. Two of our lads had a trip on
board the “Dayspring” as boat’s crew, and
as soon as they got on shore they begged
Dr. Paton to compose a new hymn for
them like one they had heard the sailors
singing, which turned out to be “In the
Sweet Bye and Bye,” and with which they
were charmed. The Doctor soon trans-
lated it, and we had lively times in teach-
ing them to sing it and others. It was so
difficult for the men to keep proper time
with the boys in the chorus. We always
had our dining room packed at evening
■worship when they knew that a new hymn
was to be taught them, and I had no diffi-
culty, but many willing volunteers, to
carry the harmonium from the church to
our house for the purpose. They were
eager helpers in the work of translation,
and some of them made good pundits.
They were all good linguists, having plenty
of practice on the different islands when
they interchanged visits in their canoes,
and they could enter intelligently and
sympathizingly into our difficulty in ac-
quiring their language; yet it was uphill
work sometimes, having no guide except
hearing the natives’ chatter, and, like as
in all foreign tongues, it seemed as if they
gabbled too quickly, but our delight was
in proportion great when we got some
fresh knowledge. For a long time we
could not find out the sign of the future,
and were much at a loss for it. We had
often heard the natives say “ka,” and
asked what it meant, but they declared
that there was not such a word in their
language, and it did not occur to us that
it might be a prefix. At last one day I
was going to do something in the dining
room with the baby in my arms, when his
nurse came forward saying, “Avon ka-
takoia, Missi.” She spoke very distinctly,
and I saw the “ka” meant “will” (“I will
carry him”). I put the baby into her
arms, and flew out the back way, being
the shortest to the church, where Mr.
Paton and some natives were working. I
met him rushing to the house, hammer in
hand, with the same information, and we
both shouted to each other in the same
breath that we had discovered the sign of
the future ! The incident had to be ex-
plained as well as we could to some by-
standers, who wondered what we were re-
joicing and laughing so heartily at, and
they were eagerly interested. In translat-
ing, Mr. Paton had often to appeal to
them for words, so that their interest be-
came almost as deep as ours in the work.
Once, when he was translating one of the
gospels — St. Luke, I think it was — we
were for days trying to get the word
“tempt.” It was to give a good rendering
of that passage where our Saviour was
answering the Jews when they asked if it
was lawful to give tribute unto Caesar.
He said, “Why tempt ye Me ; show Me a
penny : whose image and superscription
68
Monographs.
hath it?” Neither of us knew a word in
Aniwan for “tempt,” and Mr. Paton’s
pundit seemed to think that there was not
such a word in the language, or he did not
understand what was wanted. It is so dif-
ficult to explain in a foreign tongue, and
put questions so as to elicit the exact word
wanted. After consulting several of the
most intelligent natives without success,
we sent for Litse, who had been with me as
nurse on a visit to Australia, and I re-
minded her of all the pretty things she
used to gaze at in the shop windows, in
Melbourne, and how she wished she could
have them. “Litse,” I said, “what did
those shop windows try to do to us by ex-
hibiting all those pretty things to us?”
“Why, they were trying to make us buy
them, of course!” We explained that we
wanted to know if there was one Aniwa
word that would express what the shop-
keepers were doing in making us wish to
buy their things. She said, “I see exactly
what you want, Missi, but there is not
one word for it in our language, as it is
in yours. We can only say they cause us to
covet,” so with that we felt we must be
content. We happened to be late up that
night, and on retiring about midnight we
were surprised to see our cook coming
stealing into the room in eager excitement.
He said, “Missi, would you mind the
breakfast being a little later to-morrow
morning?” I replied, “Surely not, but
why?” He said, “I have been lying think-
ing about that word the Missi wants, and I
remembered that Lopu, a man in a distant
village, is half an Aniwan and half an
Eromangan (my cook was an Eromangan)
and he knew both languages thoroughly.
I shall go to his house before daylight
with my Eromangan gospel, and catch
him before he goes off to his plantation
work, and we will read the passage in
Eromangan, and he will be sure to know
if there is a corresponding word in the
Aniwan.” He did so; but Lopu only con-
firmed what had been already said by the
others. He believed such a word did not
exist in the Eromangan and Aniwan lan-
guages.
Tn composing books and in translating
the Scriptures for the New Hebridean
natives into the languages spoken by them,
at first every missionary meets with such
-difficulties, which gradually disappear as
his knowledge of the language increases,
enabling him to see its prefixes, affixes,
idioms and dialects, as he hears it spoken
by the natives, not only on each island,
but by the different tribes in each district
of it, differing so that they do not under-
stand each other, and for fear of being
killed for some inter-tribal feud, they sel-
dom meet except in war among the
heathen.
In the languages spoken on most of our
New Hebridean islands we find not only
the single and plural used, but a dual and
a triad, in which the natives have words
including and excluding the person or per-
sons spoken to, and also many other nice
peculiarities not expected to be found in
unwritten languages, as spoken by sav-
ages; yet all have to be understood and
carefully used in the translating of the
Holy Scriptures into their languages, so
as to have them correct and easily under-
stood by them when they have been taught
to read them by us. In His infinite wis-
dom and goodness, when God inspired
and taught by His Holy Spirit prophets,
apostles and holy men of old to write the
Scriptures, His only infallible rule of faith
and practice for all men wherever found,
He taught them so to write them that the
Bible — God’s Book — is the easiest in the
world to be translated into all languages,
in “discipling all nations by preaching the
gospel to every creature,” and Christ’s
heavenly light, love, and teaching, as set
before us in the Bible, is now more than.
Monographs.
69
ever the power of God unto salvation in
many lands to all who believe and try to
obey and live in accordance with His
divine teaching. Hence the obligation,
privilege, and honor laid upon us and upon
all Christians to help in extending its light
and jo) r s to all the world, by missionaries,
and by praying for and helping to support
its work of trying to give the Bible to the
world, the noble British and Foreign Bible
Society and other kindred societies. In a
little over fifty years, by the Holy Spirit’s
power in teaching the Bible as translated
in books or in w T hole into twenty-seven
new languages, or as spoken by natives on
the New Hebrides, God has given our
mission about twenty thousand converts
from the cannibals to become Christians,
and three hundred and thirty of them as
native teachers and preachers of the gos-
pel; and on the Solomon group, Bishop
Wilson informed us that his mission there
has about thirteen thousand converts. On
the New Hebrides our converts pay for
the printing of all our translations of the
Scriptures printed in their languages, by
arrowroot. They also pay for the building
of nearly all their churches and schools
themselves by it, and some of the more ad-
vanced stations now pay for the support
of their own native teachers, and send
teachers to other islands among the
heathen, helping to lead them also to know
and love and serve Jesus Christ, our Sav-
iour. So we and they work and pray, and
hope ere long to see all our remaining
forty thousand or more savages led to love
and serve our blessed Lord Jesus Christ,
and we give hearty thanks to all who pray
for and help to support our mission in all
the varied branches of its work.
CONDITIONS OF SUCCESSFUL
EVANGELISM.
II. — ABIDING SYMPATHY, OR HE SIGHED.
The sympathy of Christ for perishing
men brought Him down from heaven to
earth. When He saw the multitude He
was moved with compassion, because they
were as sheep without a shepherd. When
Jesus stood at the grave of Lazarus and
beheld the sorrow of the bereaved sisters,
He was touched. “J esus wept.” And
when He beheld the effects of sin in the
ghastly contents of the tombs. He groaned
in spirit.
When God saw the wickedness of man,
that it was great, it grieved Him at His
heart. And when Jesus looked over Jeru-
salem from the Mount of Olives and saw
its terrible destruction by the Boman
army because of its rebellion against God,
He cried, “0 Jerusalem ! Jerusalem ! thou
that stonest the prophets and killest those
that are sent unto thee; how often would
I have gathered thee as a hen gathers her
chickens under her wings, and you would
not.” If we would help suffering men,
we must have this sympathy. And we
cannot have this sympathy for the dis-
tressed without the look to heaven. When
Isaiah had the vision of heaven and saw
the Lord, high and lifted up, he cried,
“I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell
in the midst of a people of unclean lips,
for mine eyes have seen the King, the
Lord of hosts.” It is only in the light of
the heavenly vision that our hearts are
touched with sympathy for the perishing.
It was after Saul of Tarsus had seen Jesus
in a light above that of the sun, that he
said, “Yea, woe is unto me if I preach not
the gospel.” But to have our sympathies
aroused and do nothing to relieve the suf-
fering ones is a source of harm to our-
selves. One of the most deadly influences
at work to-day is the habit of reading
cheap novels and having the feelings
stirred, simply as a personal gratification.
We are to visit the needy and suffering,
that we may sympathize with them, with
full purpose of and endeavor after their
70
Monographs.
relief. Let me illustrate. I was asked to
visit a man by the name of Joseph Kyle
in Jamaica Plains. I found him a man
of seventy-five years, born in Ireland of
Presbyterian parents, who had him com-
mit the Psalms and Shorter Catechism.
He came to New England when of age, and
married a Unitarian lady. He prospered
in business and lost interest in religion.
His wife died, his partners in business
deceived him, he became nervous and
skeptical. He repudiates the Bible and
the atonement, and takes refuge in a uni-
versal salvation from a God all mercy,
pictured after the imagination of his own
heart. He refused to allow me to pray
with him. But, strange to say, he asks
me to come and see him again each time
I have gone. Our only hope is in reaching
his heart by proving our sympathy for
him and without losing our hold upon his
respect and confidence, leading him to
Jesus. Take another case. A young
couple came to our home to be married.
The bride asked us urgently to visit her
mother in Everett. This we were forward
to do. And this was the story: She had
spent the first twenty years of her life in
Glasgow, Scotland, and was a devoted
worshipper in the Presbyterian Church.
She had committed the Psalms and
Shorter Catechism, and made a profession
of her faith. She left home to work in
England, and after a while came to Bos-
ton and married a man who belonged to
the Episcopal Church. She could not
worship in his church with satisfaction,
nor in the Congregational Church with
comfort, because of the hymns. And the
result was she had stayed at home for the
past thirty years. Her sons and daugh-
ters had grown up without the family
altar, and like her, without the ordinances
of God’s house. She expressed surprise
that we had a Psalm-singing church in the
city of the Scotch Covenanter type. She
was glad to have us read a chapter and
pray. She promised to come to public
worship. But she did not come. Again
we visited her. But she stayed at home.
Habit was strong and she began to make
excuse that she could not dress as she
wished. But each time the promise was
renewed that she would come. Many
'months have passed, and she has not made
an appearance in God’s house. As a min-
ister said of an unprofitable hearer, “Her
soul is nothing but a bog.” Nothing but
a miracle of grace can change that bog
into rich, productive soil. Satan has de-
ceived and bound that woman for these
thirty-eight years. Who could fail to have
compassion and to wish to lead her to
Jesus that she might be loosed from those
bonds ? Another case : A German boy,
whose parents were Lutherans, was left
an orphan when nine years old. He went
to sea, and spent forty years visiting many
lands. Then he came to Boston and mar-
ried a Catholic woman and prospered in
worldly affairs. Through one of our
members I was called to visit him. He
clung to the faith of his childhood and
delighted in telling how he was often near
shipwreck and God saved him. He be-
lieves in the Bible and salvation by the
blood of Jesus, and that a man must be
born again to see the Kingdom of God.
But he stumbles on the divisions of the
churches. And with that as his pretext
ignores them all. All our effort to per-
suade him to take a stand for Christ and
accept His salvation for himself were
futile. He would not allow us to pray
with him in his home because his wife
was a Catholic. We cannot go often lest
we lose his respect. To keep a tight grip
on his good will and pray for him in
secret are the only prospect of leading
him to Jesus.
J. M. Foster.
Boston, Mass.
Editorial Notes.
71
EDITORIAL NOTES.
At the request of the Department of
State, a ] ist of the names of our mission-
aries at Tak Iling Chau has been sent to
Mr. Charles Denby, Chief Clerk of that
Department, Washington, D. C.
#
The Memorial Thank Offerings amount-
ed to $2888.97 at the end of January,
and the following offerings have been re-
ceived since that time:
Three dollars and a half from Miss
Mary B. McDowell, Garfield, N. J., for
Syria; $3 from Three Friends, Hopkin-
ton, la. ; $1.50 from Mrs. Mary A. Mc-
Millan, Aurora, 111., and $10 from Prof.
J. A. Adams, Second New York, for
China.
The present total is $2906.97.
%
Olive Trees thankfully acknowledges
the receipt of $2 from a brother who does
not wish his name published, to be added
to the fund for a new station in China;
$5 from Mrs. Margaret Lawson, Barnes-
ville, N. B., for the Foreign Missions; $5
from the L. M. Society of the Congrega-
tion at Almonte, Ontario, for the Domes-
tic Missions, and $4 from Mr. and Mrs.
Garner R. Duguid, Fremont, iDd., a birth-
day memorial of their little six-year-old
son, who was taken home March 20, 1905.
# •
Olive Trees acknowledges the receipt
of the following contributions from the
young women of the Reformed Presby-
terian Church toward the salary of their
missionary for 1906 :
Miss Maggie E. Atchison, Olathe,
Kans $3.65
L. M. Society of Miller’s Run Con-
gregation 12.50
Mrs. J. B. Williamson, Cambridge,
Mass 3.65
Mrs. J. C. Taylor, E. Craftsburv, Vt.$5.20
Mrs. John Turbitt, New York. . . . 5.20
Miss Sara M. Robison, Dresden, O. 5.00
Miss Eliza M. Cannon, Wyman, la. 5.20
Mrs. M. E. McKee, Clarinda, la. . . .15.00
Miss Sadie Caskey, Allegheny, Pa. . . 10.00
Two Friends of Missions, New York.25.00
Also three contributions toward the sal-
ary of pastors’ missionary :
Rev. J. C. Taylor, E. Craftsbury,
Yt $10.00
Memorial of the late Rev. D. Me
Kee, Clarinda, la 15.00
Rev. J. B. Gilmore, York, N. Y. . .15.00
And one toward the salary of the elders’
missionary :
Mr. John Robison, Dresden, O. . . . $4.50
Another minister is needed for Syria,
and once more an appeal is made to the
students and licentiates of the Church to
consecrate themselves to this service.
Three young women are also required for
Syria, Asia Minor and China, and there
must be those in the fellowship of the
Covenanter Church who are qualified and
ready to go in response to the call of the
Redeemer. We ask the whole Church to
unite in prayer that these needed laborers
may hear His call and be driven of His
Spirit into these foreign fields.
An article on “Our Mission Schools in
Northern Syria,” published recently in
Olive Trees, has called forth a protest
from Prof. R. J. George. Unable to find
anything to condemn in its defense of the
school work, he has had to content himself
with condemning what he calls “a great
wrong” to a man, who certainly merits no
sympathy. Filled with the idea of minis-
terial dignity, he seems to be distressed
above measure, and in order to give vent
72
Editorial Notes.
to his pent up feelings, he tears a few sen-
tences of the article away from their set-
ting, and says in effect, as if expecting
every one to burst into a flood of tears :
‘‘Isn't it too bad that a dear friend of
mine should write such awfully wicked
things about a minister?” The indignant
protest means simply that and nothing
more.
We hesitated to take any notice of Dr.
Martin’s letters, until friends of the Mis-
sion, in whose judgment we have the full-
est confidence, wrote asking if there was to
be no reply. And it is peculiarly gratify-
ing to have written an editorial that meets
with such general approval. We do not
intend at present to make further refer-
ences to the narrow views of this “most
highly esteemed minister,” “eminently
successful missionary” and “intelligent
student of the best methods of missionary
work.” But, as it seems to us, his dic-
tatorial attitude toward a Mission with
which he has no connection, and whose
members are as fully “devoted” and “em-
inently successful” as he, is not along the
line of Christian courtesy.
The fact that Dr. Martin has been en-
gaged in missionary work for so many
years should have taught him wisdom.
And the big heart of the Covenanter
Church in America will continue to be
more sensitively concerned for the honor
of its Lord than for the feelings of pope,
prelate, or preacher who dares to interfere
with any earnest effort, though not in
harmony with his views, to save souls from
spiritual death.
To secure as wide a circulation as pos-
sible for “Sabbath Laws in the United
States,” by Rev. E. C. Wylie, D.D., the
National Reform Association offers this
valuable volume at the following reduced
rates :
Bound in cloth, $6 a dozen.
In paper covers, $3 a dozen.
A half dozen will be furnished at the
same price.
Shipping expenses must be paid by the
purchaser.
Single copies in cloth, by mail, 75 cents;
in paper covers, 35 cents.
At these figures this book, highly recom-
mended by all who have examined it,
ought to have a wide circulation. Every
reader of Olive Trees would do well to
buy one copy for himself and another for
some friend who needs special instruction
on the Sabbath question.
The Missionary Review of the World
for February contains some articles of
great value, notably, “The Story of the
Lien Chou Martyrdom,” “Dr. Moon’s
Missionary Work for the Blind,” and “A
Missionary Physician in Persia.” To
some of the views presented in a paper
on “Church Federation and Co-operation,”
we take exception, and yet there is much
in it that demands the attention of all who
have the evangelization of the world at
heart. The article on “Practical Prayer
for Missions,” by Prof. G. Warneck, D.D.,
and translated by Rev. Louis Meyer from
Allgemeine M issi o ns-Z ci tsch rift, deserves
thoughtful study. The “Missionary In-
telligence’’ is, as usual, full and encour-
aging.
The annual price of this valuable mag-
azine is $2.50, or $2 to clubs of ten.
It is to my mother that I owe everything. If I am Thy child, 0, my God, it is
because Thou gavest me such a mother. If I prefer the truth to all things, it is the
fruit of my mother’s teachings. If I did not perish long ago in sin and misery, it is
because of the long and faithful years which she pleaded for me. What comparison
is there between the honor I paid her and her slavery for me? — Augustine.
(POST OFFICE ADDRESSES OF FOREIGN MISSIONARIES.
Rev. Jas. S. Stewart
J. M. Balph, M. D
Miss Mattie R. Wylie
Miss Maggie B. Edgar
Miss Meta Cunningham
Rev. R. J. Dodds
Rev. C. A. Dodds
Miss Evadna M. Sterrett
Rev. Walter McCarroll
Calvin McCarroll, M. D
Rev. A. I. Robb.........
Rev. J. K. Robb
Rev. Julius Kempf
J. M. Wright, M. D
Miss Kate McBurney, M. D.....
Miss Jean McBurney, M. D
► Latakia , Syria.
J
Suadia , via Antioch , Syria.
•>
>Mersina, Asia Minor.
Larnaca , Cyprus.
Nicosia , Cyprus.
^ Tak Hing Chau , West River ,
South China .
>
POST OFFICE ADDRESSES OF HOME MISSIONARIES.
Rev. W. W. Carithers, Indian Mission ,
Apache , O. T.
Rev. J. G. Reed, Southern Mission ,
Selma , Ala.
Rev. G. M. Robb, Jewish Mission,
800 So. Fifth Street, Philadelphia , Pa.
POST OFFICE ADDRESSES OF TREASURERS.
Syrian Mission, Mission in China and Church Erection — Mr. Walter
T. Miller, Cotton Exchange Building, New York.
Domestic Mission ; Southern Mission; Jewish Mission; Indian Mission;
(Testimony Bearing; Sustentation; Theological Seminary; Ministers’, Widows’
and Orphans’ Fund; Literary; Students’Aid — Mr. J. S. Tibby, 507 Penn Building,
Pittsburgh, Pa.
National Reform — Rev.-R. C. Wylie, D. D., So. Avenue, Station D,
Pittsburgh, Pa.
MAP OF THE MISSION FIELDS PRESBY TEm AN ^CHUR.CH
IN SYRIA, THE ISLAND OF CYPRUS, AND
ADJOINING PARTS OF TURKEY IN ASIA....
This map ts about 60 x65 inches in size, conforms to the best geographical authorities and the
workmanship is in all respects of standard quality.
It indicates by distinctive legends the location and relative importance of towns or village*
where schools are or have been in operation.
The regular price of the map is $3.00.
Any one wishing a copy for himself or family ran have It mailed to bla address for
$1.1)0 and 13 cents for postage.
ADDRESS
OLIVE TREES. 327 West 56th Street. New York.
n TPT\TTPT7 A nnT T TPH tP The onl ? College in the
LrlillN III V A UUJj-UillVJ Hi. u. S. under control of the
Reformed Presbyterian Synod, O. S.
NEW COURSES, Our papers accepted at Columbia, Princeton, Cornell, Michigan
NEW FACILITIES, University. Better work is being done, year by year.
NEW BUILDINGS, Children of Clergymen Have Tuition at Half Rates.
Write for particulars to
W. P. JOHNSTON, Pre*.
BEAVER FALLS, PA.
WILLIAM R. JENKINS,
Putolislier, Bookseller, Stationer and Printer.
Publisher and Importer of FRENCH BOOKS,
851 & 853 SIXTH AVENUE,
N. W. Cor. 48th Street, NEW YORK.
Card Engraving, Stamping, Wedding Invitations,
PICTURES AINJD PICTURE FRAMING.
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and ....
Embalmer,
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Bet. 4(Jth and 41st Streets,
NEW TORE.
Telephone, 416 Bryant
Tslephont, 2700 Franklin. Established 1860.
The J. W. Pratt Co.
Printers and
Manufacturing Stationers,
52 to 58 DUANE STREET, NEW YORK.
MACKEOWN’S R °° MS
21 West 42d Street, New York Telephone, 2533 Bryant
1215 Bedford Avenue, bet. Halsey and Hancock Streets, Brooklyn, N. Y»
JAMES S. TIBBY, Sharpsburg, Pa.
SELLS THE FOLLOWING COVENANTER LITERATURE
PSALM BOOKS (old and new versions), TESTIMONY, BOOK
OF DISCIPLINE, MINUTES OF SYNOD, CONFESSION
OF FAITH, GLASGOW’S HISTORY OF THE CHURCH,
LIFE DR. J. R. W. SLOANE, TALES OF COVENANTERS,
POETS and POETRY, HOMES and HAUNTS, ROMAN-
ISM ANALYZED, HISTORY OF THE TRIAL, 1891
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